What Money Cant Buy The Moral Limits of Markets essay

What Money Cant Buy The Moral Limits of Markets essay What Money Cant Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets essay What Money Cant Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets essayThe development of the contemporary society tends to the increasing impact of consumerism on social relations, culture and values of people. In such a situation, the development of the contemporary society leads to the devaluation of basic moral values and to dehumanization of interpersonal relations, when consumerist and commercial relations become determinant in social relations. In this regard, it is possible to refer to the book What Money Cant Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets by Michael J. Sandel, where the author explores the development of the contemporary society and increasing impact of commercial relations in all spheres of social life. The author raises an important problem of the moral development and ethics of the society, where everything is for sale. Michael J. Sandel questions how far people can go in their strife for selling and buy everything. He raises a bunch of ethical dilemmas with no definite answer to respo nd. In such a way, he attempts to question basic ethical issues, which people tend to ignore in their everyday life or take them for granted.In fact, What Money Cant Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets focuses on the rise of the contemporary society where moral values influence consistently social relations are vulnerable to consistent changes due to the shift of moral values and norms. Sandel insists that commercialization has become the mainstream trend in the development of the contemporary society. In this regard, it is hardly possible to disagree with the author since the contemporary society has started to shift to the overwhelming commercialization since the time of the industrial revolution, while by the end of the 20th century the commercialization of the contemporary culture and society has reached unparalleled level. The contemporary society may be viewed as a sheer consumerist society, where everything is for sale, as Sandel states. At the same time, the book does not just show off that everything is on sale. Instead the author uses the personal appeal to readers asking them what else money cannot buy today and what people are not ready to sell so far. In such a way, the author encourages the audience to start thinking of really important issues and the role of money in their life. Sandel does not attempt to impose his opinion on the audience. Instead, he helps the audience to come to the point, when the uselessness of the contemporary consumerist culture and commercialization of social relations become obvious.Sandel is definitely right, when he uncovers vices of the contemporary consumerist culture. People turn into mere consumers making the cult of consumption and consumerism becomes the only purpose of their life. the excessive consumption leads to the destructive impact on the society. However, Sandel focuses his attention on moral issues only. At the same time, the author pays little, if any attention to the impact of the overwhelming commercial ization of the society on the environment. However, the negative impact of consumerism and commercialization of the contemporary society on the natural environment is obvious. Human activities oriented on consumption and commerce lead to the destruction of their natural environment, extinction of many species, decrease of biodiversity, global climate change. All these changes are irrevocable and have a destructive impact not only on human life but also on the life on the entire planet. However, Sandel does not take these issues into account that apparently weakens his argument because the appeal to moral issues only may be insufficient for people who are accustomed to live in the consumerist society. The revelation of the destructive impact of commercialization and consumerism on the natural environment would reveal that people face the real threat of the extinction just like other species inhabiting the planet and this argument could be stronger, if the author attempts to persuade the audience that people should change their values and shift from commerce and sales to spirituality and morality.In such a situation, the high risk of the devaluation of basic ethical and moral norms arises because consumerism and commerce interferes in all spheres of human life. Even such would-be sacred concepts as family have become subjects to commerce and sale. For instance, today the divorce rate is exorbitantly high, while many divorces, if not all, involve financial issues to the extent that   everything and everyone, including children, become subjects to trade during the divorce process to the extent that one parents have to give in some financial benefits to have larger opportunities to communicate with children.In this regard, Sandel’s argument that commerce and the desire to trade everything has penetrated deeply into the consciousness of people seems to be absolutely reasonable and right. The author shows that such commercialization leads to the loss of mora lity and devaluation of basic ethical norms and rules.At the same time, the author warns against such commercialization of the contemporary society revealing possible negative effects of the rise of the immoral society or the society where the commerce is the milestone of moral values and norms and the determinant factor influencing interpersonal and social relations. In fact, Sandel’s argument eventually leads readers to the conclusion that the excessive commercialization has already led to the loss of spirituality, while consumerism and materialism dominate over the contemporary culture.Being aware of disastrous effects of the further commercialization of the society, where everything is on sale, Sandle attempts to build up the strategy of resistance to such a trend in the development of the contemporary culture and society. In this regard, the main argument of Sandel in defense of non-commercially, spiritually-grounded view is the deep-rooted belief in universal, humanisti c values. The author apparently wants to say that there are issues which cannot stand commercial relations.Moreover, Sandel argues that people often provoke commercialization of their interpersonal relations and bring in commerce in their relations, when the commerce is absolutely unnecessary. For instance, it is possible to refer to the case of parents paying their children for good grades instead of communicating with them and explaining them what they are actually learning for. In such a situation, the expectation of the financial reward becomes the major driver for children, whereas learning itself is not the goal but the tool to get some extra money or some material reward from their parents.However, even though Sandel apparently rejects the commercialization of the contemporary culture and social relations but still he fails to provide clear and strong argument and recommendations on how people can change their life. Instead of answering the question what people should do to c hange their world for better and return to spirituality and moral values instead of the irresistible strife for sale and commercial relations, he just appeals to the public to start the debate over issues he raises in his book. In other words, he just wants people to start thinking of the role of money and its impact on social relations, moral values and norms of the contemporary society.Nevertheless, the book What Money Cant Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets written by Sandel is still very important in regard to the possible change of the contemporary culture and return to moral values and norms. In such a way, the author attempts to raise the public debate over the development of the contemporary society which is essential in the time when consumerism has become the determinant trend in the development of the contemporary society. Today, people are unaware of the importance of basic humanistic values and, more important, they fail to understand the vanity of the pursuit of wealth a nd commodities in terms of the contemporary consumerist culture.Thus, Sandel’s What Money Cant Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets reveal the mainstream trend of the contemporary society oriented on the consumption. The trend to commercialization of interpersonal relations lead to dehumanization and the author attempts to make the audience aware of the negative impact of commercialization on human life and social relations. However, the author does not offer the clear way out. Instead, he just suggests starting the public debate over the problem of commercialization and consumerism of the contemporary society.

The Jungle Questions for Study and Discussion

The Jungle Questions for Study and Discussion The Jungle is one of the greatest (and most controversial) works by   Upton Sinclair.. Dedicated to the Workingmen of America, the novel detailed the unhealthy conditions of the meatpacking industry and eventually led President Theodore Roosevelt to pursue  new federal legislations.   Here are a few questions for study and discussion to think about before and after reading this work. What is important about the title: The Jungle?What are the conflicts in The Jungle? What types of conflict (physical, moral, intellectual, or emotional) did you notice in this novel?How does Upton Sinclair reveal character in The Jungle?What are some themes in the novel? How do they relate to the plot and characters?What are some symbols in The Jungle? How do they relate to the plot and characters?Is Jurgis Rudkus consistent in her actions? Is he a fully developed character? How? Why?Do you find the characters likable? Are the characters persons you would want to meet?Does the novel end the way you expected? How? Why?What is the central/primary purpose of the novel? Is the purpose important or meaningful?Why is the novel usually considered a work of protest literature?How essential is the setting to the story? Could the story have taken place anywhere else?What is the role of women in the text? How are mothers represented? What about single/independent women?Would you recommend this novel  to a friend?

Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

Law - Essay Example A contract is usually considered binding once the acceptance is made to the offer and communicated to the offeror. The rules apply to the negotiations that have been made till that point to know to what extend are the parties obliged to fulfill their promises. There is no halfway through, the negotiations will either be binding in the contract or not binding at all. An offer is communicated when the offeror indicates the terms on which he wants to make the offer such as the price of the goods, and gives a clear indication that he intends to be bound by those terms if accepted. Acceptance means that the offeree has unconditionally accepted all the terms of the contract put by the offeror (Andrews, 2011, p. 7). The second element of the contract is that the agreement made under offer and acceptance must not have vague or incomplete negotiations. The agreement must be certain to make sure that the contract is binding. For example when the offeror makes an offer saying that the salary will be mutually arranged between us, the courts hold no agreement between them since the agreement was not certain between them. Some of the factors that affect the certainty of a contract are provisions for clarification, the terms implied by statutes and the previous course of dealings. If there is a provision given to clear the terms later then the agreement will be binding. Secondly, if there are some terms that are implied by statutes though not being agreed by the parties, the contract will be binding. Thirdly, if there are some terms that are understood due to the previous dealings between the parties, the contract will be binding (Harriman,  2009, p. 13). The third element is the intention to create legal relations with the other party. If there will be no intention the courts will consider that no contract is valid between the parties. However if to the onlookers the parties seem to be intending to create

How does Network affect in the world Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

How does Network affect in the world - Essay Example Over time, and especially recently, the same has been transformed from these old means into more recent ones in ways like use of social networking sites. Its modern conception was the result of the development of the bulletin board system. These were originally meeting places where people could upload information on the events they were planning to conduct as well as exchange knowledge and other information. Moreover, they could also download information in the form of games and other software. These sites were created by people who made it their hobby to put together forums for people to share on topics and events of mutual interest. The online transformation continued over time to the email where information could be shared with friends and those within a given social network through text. However, this did not end here as over time, the opening of the internet to the general population of the world has transformed how people share ideas and communicate with each other. Creative minds came up with online social networking sites such as â€Å"Six Degrees†, â€Å"Classmates† and even â€Å"AOL† (standing for America Online). These set the playfield for later players who came in later such as Facebook, MySpace, Friendster, LinkedIn and Twitter. The above later sites that spawned from the year 2000 and on made significant progress in bringing people together and changing how they interacted as per their interests. Facebook made the most important mark in the whole business of social networking. In just a short period of its launch, it has garnered millions of users due to its trendy name, †Å"Facebook† and the fact that it encouraged people to be open and be themselves on the web (Nickson par 5-20). Most of the benefits emanating from the use of social networking are based on the world business. Social networking has provided a cheap and cost effective way to communicate and share information on business and personal issues online. This is

Scholarship Essay Essay Example for Free

Scholarship Essay Essay Life as a university student really cost lots of money to well sustain high living fees, books, pocket money and loads more. As the first daughter from a big family consisting three brothers and two sisters, with all of us still studying, it is hard for my parents to have a solid economic status. If I was selected to receive this prestigious scholarship by any chance, it would lighten the burdens bear by my parents and perhaps the extra money can be used for my siblings’ academic purposes. For the time being, I am currently applying to pursue bachelor degree in Science Actuary at University of Curtin, Perth for July 2013’s intake. Thus, this scholarship fits my criteria and hopefully it can realize my dream to be full sponsored for studying overseas. Based on my previous well-rounded records, I am considerably excellence in studies and have good grades for my latest academic results. Literally, this scholarship can support my financial background and would broaden my chance to hold scroll after three years full-time studying Science Actuary at Curtin University. See more: how to start a scholarship essay Fractions, formulas and numbers conquer a large portion of my favourite chapter. I have very strong inclination towards calculation since high school and being an actuary would help me to apply what I have learnt before into the daily life. So far I have known, industries have an increasing demand each year for the graduates from this discipline and it would be a guarantee sign of massive job vacancies for an actuary in the future. Besides, I keen to work on mathematic solutions and deal with critical thinking for hours rather than memorizing facts. Not to mention about it highest-paid-job in Malaysia, this is a bonus as an actuary. Based on my experiences, I can cope well in risky tasks and it is a golden opportunity for me to train myself working under pressure and manage my time wiser. Hopefully, the knowledge that I’ve gained throughout the years, qualified me to be a respectable, skill-fully actuary to improve myself better and for the sake of nation and industry. In order to establish a great-persistent future, I made myself a general framework which include in planning to be among the top, successful graduates from this discipline. Then, I am keen to pursue my study into postgraduate at former university and doing some researches for about two years. By the age of twenty seven, I plan to hold a doctoral degree at another prominent university. This shall widen my horizon of thinking and give me plenty of worth experiences. While doing my thesis, I reckon to work with PNB or any others banking companies. It safe time and more profitable to work while accomplishes the thesis, just like killing two birds with a stone. Maybe it sounds too ambitious, but we must shot beyond the stars so that when we fall, we fall onto the fluffy clouds.

Migraines Essay -- essays research papers

Migraine headaches are the result of a disturbance in the neurochemistry of the central nervous system. They are relatively common, affecting three times as many women as men. Migraine sufferers typically report a definite pattern to their headaches, and they can report what stimuli bring them on. Most migraine sufferers experience their first attack before the age of 20. There is no single cause of migraines, but the tendency to get migraines does tend to run in families. When a migraine occurs, it means that something has altered several of the neurotransmitter-sensitive receptors located on the outside surface of the nerve cells (neurons) so that the nervous system is no longer able to constantly maintain the natural balance that the nervous system is intended to maintain. Neurotransmitters are chemicals that nerve cells (neurons) use to communicate messages to each other. Receptors are special areas that receive these chemical messages. The key neurotransmitter in migraine is called serotonin (often referred to in the scientific literature as 5-HT or 5-hydroxytryptophan). If something interferes with the normal functioning (production, release, receptor docking, and/or re-uptake) of serotonin, that disrupts the normal functioning of the nervous system and can lead to various symptoms associated with migraine. The severe pain associated with migraine occurs when the mechanism that normally inhibits and/or mediates pain is disabled. There is no actual tissue damage occu...

Why Wee Crave Horror Movie

Why we still crave in horror movie when we are scare? In Stephen King’s Article it mention three main points. The first one is showing our courage, that we are not afraid in horror movie. It doesn’t mean that we don’t scream. In contrast, we scream when the roller coaster twists through a complete 360. Horror movie just like roller coaster, if it can’t make us scream only means the movie is not excited enough. The second one is to ensure that we are normal. To confirm that although we are not as beauty as a star but we are still better than the character in the horror movieHowever, these two reasons are not the main reason why we crave horror movie. At the beginning of the article, he said â€Å"I think that we’re all mentally ill† The test has already proven this statement at least people in this classroom are all crazy. He believes that we are mentally ill and crazy but only in different level/degree. Our insanity leads us only talk to ours elves when we are under stress or squinch our faces into horrible grimaces when we believe no one is watching.As we are all insane, we have to practice our anticivilization emotion from time to time. What is anticivilization emotion? For example the excitement and hyper emotion when seeing others are killed or being menaced. However, in this civilized society, when we seeing someone was killed us should show our sympathy. Our teacher teaches us we should have love, loyalty, kindness etc. when we practice this emotion we applaud. For example, if we give a kiss to our sister, the adult will praise us.In contrast if we put her finger in the door hinge, scold would comes follow. Although we keep the anticivilization emotion from getting out, it demands a periodic exercise. Therefore we choose to watch horror movie, we can let loose to scream. We don’t need to care for the civilized emotion. We can laugh when we see someone was killed, because we know that it is only a movie, and all people in this theater are crazy, we are just reliving our emotion. We think that practicing the anticivilization emotion can also help us to relief our stress in our daily life.As we have said before horror is come from___________________ therefore these become the main component of horror movie. When we watch it we feel scare and fear, at the same time we project our pressure and stress in it. For example when the monster is chasing the actor, we feel tension. This tension also included the anxiety we experience in the real life. ______________________________________ Watching horror movie can also fulfill our curiosity. When our society told us what should be fear or what is dangerous, we alert from these thing. However we have a desire to know more.

Bretagne France Essay

Bretagne is found along France’s northern shore. Bretagne is also called Brittany and sometimes referred to as little Britain. It is a land of enchantment and wonders. It features rugged coastlines with some of the world’s most breathtaking views. It features more than 4,000 castles and medieval homes. It’s an ideal destination for water sports enthusiasts, lovers of fine cuisine and seafood, and anyone fascinated by legends and history. The attractions, weather and scenery, and the festivals are what attract people the most. This region is full of numerous world-class museums and historic attractions. One of the best places to visit while in Brittany is Oceanopolis. It features 50 aquariums from tropical and polar species. The cathedral of St. Pierre and St. Paul is one of the last Gothic French cathedrals. The chateau de Combourg is a beautiful castle surrounded by greenery and water. The Grand Phare or Great Lighthouse is also a great place to visit, being 300 feet high. And finally the musee de la Faience is devoted to the famous pottery. Other fun things to do are outdoor water sports, including sailing, kayaking, surfing and scuba diving. Spa seawater treatments are also available for relaxing purposes. Being close to the ocean, the weather is fairly nice and warm year round. Rain occurs regularly which keeps the countryside green and wooded. Although it rains often, cloudless days are common and sunny in Brittany. In Brittany a common expression and response to people complaining about the rain is â€Å"En Bretagne, il ne pleut que sur les cons†, which literally translates as â€Å"In Brittany, it only rains on the idiots. â€Å"This means that if you don’t like Brittany, you should leave. Brittany has many festivals and events. They reflect Brittany’s culture and energetic music and dance. Some cultural festivals include the festival de Cornouaille, which is a festival that displays Brittany’s cultural diversity. Les Filets Bleus celebrates fishing traditions and the Festival du Film Britanniqu previews British films in France. Music festivals are also popular in France. Astropolis is a techno music themed festival celebrated in July. La Route du Rock plays pop and rock music. Les Transmusicales is known for showing brand new acts for undiscovered bands. They also have a festival all about activities dealing with the sea. The Fetes Maritimes de Brest is a sailing event that takes place every four years. The next race happens in July of 2012. La Route du Rhum is a transatlantic yacht race which also takes place every four years. The next race will be in November of 2014. Bretagne is a beautiful, fascinating mix of spectacular coastlines, ancient towns, magical islands and inland woods. With so many attractions and activities you will never get bored. The scenery and weather is unforgettably amazing. The festivals attract many tourists and French people to the area.

The Vikings essays

The Vikings essays Vikings, the term is given to a race of Scandinavian people who raided and settled in large areas of eastern and Western Europe during a period of Scandinavian expansion from about 800 to 1100. The term came from an old English word wic, which is a derivation from a Latin word meaning trading-place but for the people of the medieval age the term was used as synonym for barbarian paganism. The Vikings were an amazing race of people who immigrated and fought to survive. They originated from Norway, Sweden and Denmark. These three main groups of Vikings expanded through out Europe, but the ones this topic are interested in are the Danish and Norwegian Vikings who settled in Northern and Eastern Europe. These Scandinavians moved to find new lands, mainly because of overpopulation and scarcity. The Danish Vikings had an enormous impact on Britain and most of Charlemagnes empire, which was mainly France. They practically changed the culture with their art and craftsmanship; they influenced the language and government, with an idea of justice. They improved the European warfare with their famous boats. Vikings have influenced Europe in so many ways that it is hard to believe that the 18th Century idea that they were bloodthirsty warmongers was true. The idea of the fierce warrior was brought up when a group of Norsemen attacked a monastery on the island of Lindesfarne. A surviving monk wrote and account of the raid afterwards. "The same year the heathens arrived from the north to Brittany with a fleet of ships. They were like stinging wasps, and they spread in all directions like horrible wolves, wrecking, robbing, shattering and killing not only animals but also priests, monks and nuns. They came to the church of Lindesfarne, slayed everything alive, dug up the altars and took all the treasures of the holy church". The Norsemen probably picked churches and monasteries probably because they ha...

Becoming Your Characters

Becoming Your Characters Becoming Your Characters Becoming Your Characters By Michael It sounds like you, said my friend, the playwright, when I asked him about the script I had given him. Coming from a successful writer, it wasnt a compliment. If all the characters in your novel sound like you, maybe you should forget about the novel and write an autobiographical monologue instead. Youll find, if you listen to them, that your characters want to be free. They want to be individuals. Just like your children, they dont want to be exactly like you. And, just like your children, they shouldnt be. Many fiction writers approach their work as an actor does his. When they are writing about a character, they become that character. Actors call it Method acting, based on the methods of Russian director Konstantin Stanislavsky. Method acting was a reaction to the nineteenth century tradition of making rhetorical gestures that were supposed to represent every human emotion. Writers can fall into a similar trap, where their characters act in clichà ©d manners, always weeping when they are sad, always chuckling when they are happy. (My characters are always smiling.) The key to Method writing is to understand the character, then let the character live. When you know, even subconsciously, what the character is like, you will instinctively know what the character is going to do or say. Some authors, like some actors, write out elaborate biographies for every major character before they begin. For others, such pre-planning would hurt their creative process. Indeed, as you write, even well-researched characters usually end up surprising you, as you realize that they arent exactly who you thought they were. This may sound more mystical than it needs to. Im not advocating a voodoo-like possession, where your characters take over your life. But a sensitive writer knows when an action or a statement rings true to that character or not. Of course, if youre not discreet as you work, people will look at you funny. One daughter of a famous nineteenth century novelist recalled how he would write his dialog out loud, playing each character in turn in fine theatrical style. After receiving that mild rebuke from my friend the playwright, I found myself working on dialog as I walked to work along a certain downtown street. I wasnt the only person on that street talking to himself. Later I discovered that just around the corner was a shelter that catered to the homeless mentally ill. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Apply to, Apply for, and Apply with35 Genres and Other Varieties of FictionTypes of Plots

Literacy and ESOL Theories and Frameworks Essay

Literacy and ESOL Theories and Frameworks - Essay Example The learning theories and frameworks can in another way be termed as the philosophical or conceptual orientations that seek to explain the ways of human learning. One of the popular and applicable theories of teaching English is known as the Behaviourist Theory, and was influenced European empiricism around 1914. In this theory, [English] writing, which includes both writing and speaking, occurs as a response to environmental stimuli (Harasim, 2012, p. 13). This means that it can be observed, described, and manipulated. As an English instructor, one can apply this theory in ensuring effective learning is achieved. In explanation, teaching can be perceived of as a process that involves practice, repetition, and rewards. In practice, the instructor should ensure that the teaching they give is put to use such as in writing compositions or oral reading. In repetition, learning can be effected by going over what is being taught over and over again. Finally, rewards should be applied by me thods such as testing what has already been taught. These tests determine the level of learning that has been influenced. The second effective learning/teaching framework in an ESOL language is defined by the Cognitive Theory. This theory has been applied in this context since the 1950s. In its application, the Cognitive Theory defines learning as complex and deep psychological phenomena such as schemas (organized patterns of thought or behaviour), processes for learning, and motivation. In short, English learning can be effectively taught through phases occurring with gradual complexity. In a good way, linguistic learners learn English from playing an active role in the process as well as making their own mistakes. In applying such, memory and problem-solving skills are put into consideration. Instructors apply this theory by subdividing it into three variables, namely

What do Happiness Studies Study Does Happiness Change After Major Life Essay

What do Happiness Studies Study Does Happiness Change After Major Life Events - Essay Example He also went furhter in dissecting the etymology of the word â€Å"happiness† by tracing to its root word â€Å"hap†, meaning chance and luck whether it is good and bad in his effort to find the true meaning of happiness. The other study of Lucas that our set point of well being or our normal selves is predominantly biologically determined and our response and how we adapt to happiness life changing events in life fluctuates around that levels but will ultimately settle back to this normal state of well being. Griffin in his study about happines begun by assigning a value at the beginning of his argument particularly when Griffin cited eudaimonia† referring to â€Å"having a good guardian spirit† because that defined the trajectory of his argument. He begun associating martyrdom with happiness and formulating imaginary mathematical equation that being â€Å"happy now† and â€Å"more happy instances† vis-a-vis lesser unhappy instances would net to a happy life that made the paper problematic. The analysis was quite simplistic particularly when Griffin added Hume’s standard of taste because it required putting standard to happiness that can be likened to the concept of right and wrong in being happy. Any modern student of philosophy can refute this argument because we already know that there is no universal formula or standard of happiness. What makes one elated with happiness may be a casual circumstance to another. The bottomline is, what makes one happy will not necessarily make another happy. This test can easily be applied to refute the paper’s argument by also using one of Griffin’s example which is the woman from India who is â€Å"badly oppressed and what from the outside looks like a miserable existence† (2007:141) and might be content with small improvement of which such contentment, Griffin argued, would not necessarily mean she has a â€Å"happy life†. The trouble with Griffin ’s line of argument in this example is he already put a qualifier in the his hypothesis by framing it as â€Å"pathetically content with a small improvement in what from the outside looks like a miserable existence† (141). There was already a value judgment in the hypothesis which was supposed to be in the conditional because it is yet to be argued. Such, the conclusion is certain to arrive that she will not be happy because the line of reasoning did not provide room for refutation. It can be contended however that the woman, as opposed to the paper’s contention, is happy to the slightest improvement that will come in her life and not necessarily pathetic as what Griffin has framed. With how Griffin framed his words, it seem that he has not experienced poverty because it became an automatic reaction to him to say that a poor woman despite being content of having little will still be unhappy. It is like refuting his own argument because in his words, Griffin also mentioned that â€Å"one’s life is happy if one is content that life has brought one much of what one regards as important† (2007:140). Perhaps in his value system, slight improvement is not significant to be considered important but for those who were already exasperated with poverty, a moment of relief and the slightest of improvement is already bliss. Griffin is arguing from the point of view of a rich man who has not sufferred deprivation of his basic need such that, the provision of basic material